Evaluation of Stone Features That Cause the Color Doppler Ultrasound Twinkling Artifact

The color Doppler ultrasound twinkling artifact is a rapid color shift that appears on 43%–96% of kidney stones. Surface microbubbles on kidney stones are theorized to cause twinkling as exposure to elevated static pressures of 0.41–1.13 MPa (approximately 0.5–1 times diagnostic ultrasound pressure and 5–10 times ambient pressure) reduced twinkling. However, it is unclear what external and internal stone features support bubbles. Thirteen ex vivo kidney stones were scanned with color Doppler ultrasound at 2.5, 5 and 18.5 MHz. Select stones were imaged with environmental scanning electron microscopy or underwater micro-computed tomography to evaluate features that may cause twinkling. Results revealed that the lower frequencies produced larger volumes of twinkling. Condensation first occurred in the smallest (∼1 µm diameter) surface pores and may be indicative of where bubbles form. Gas pockets were seen inside two of three tested stones that may contribute to twinkling. Overall, these results provide evidence of cavity structures both externally and internally and their correlation to the twinkling artifact. This indicates that microbubbles may be present on and within kidney stones and may contribute to the twinkling artifact.

© This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

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Work Title Evaluation of Stone Features That Cause the Color Doppler Ultrasound Twinkling Artifact
Access
Open Access
Creators
  1. Eric Rokni
  2. Scott Zinck
  3. Julianna C. Simon
Keyword
  1. Kidney stone
  2. Doppler ultrasound
  3. Twinkling artifact
  4. Microbubbles
License CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 (Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives)
Work Type Article
Publisher
  1. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology
Publication Date February 16, 2021
Publisher Identifier (DOI)
  1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2021.01.016
Deposited June 22, 2023

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Version 1
published

  • Created
  • Added Rokni_UMB_Final_SecondRevisionsClean_FiguresAppended.docx
  • Added Creator Eric Rokni
  • Added Creator Scott Zinck
  • Added Creator Julianna C. Simon
  • Published
  • Updated Keyword, Publication Date Show Changes
    Keyword
    • Kidney stone, Doppler ultrasound, Twinkling artifact, Microbubbles
    Publication Date
    • 2021-05-01
    • 2021-02-16
  • Updated