Progress and gaps in climate change adaptation in coastal cities across the globe

Coastal cities are at the frontlines of climate change impacts, resulting in an urgent need for substantial adaptation. To understand whether, and to what extent, cities are on track to prepare for climate risks, this paper systematically assesses the academic literature to evaluate evidence on climate change adaptation in 199 coastal cities worldwide. Results show that adaptation in coastal cities is rather slow, of narrow scope and not transformative. Adaptation measures are predominantly designed based on past and current—rather than future—patterns in hazards, exposure and vulnerability. City governments, particularly in high-income countries, are more likely to implement institutional and infrastructural responses, whereas coastal cities in lower-middle-income countries often rely on households to implement behavioral adaptation. There is comparatively little published knowledge on coastal urban adaptation in low- and middle-income countries, and regarding particular adaptation types such as ecosystem-based adaptation. These insights make an important contribution for tracking adaptation progress globally and help to identify entry points for improving adaptation of coastal cities in the future.

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Work Title Progress and gaps in climate change adaptation in coastal cities across the globe
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Open Access
Creators
  1. M Wannewitz
  2. I Ajibade
  3. Katherine J. Mach
  4. A Magnan
  5. Jan Petzold
  6. N Ulibarri
  7. A Agopian
  8. V Chalastani
  9. T Hawxwell
  10. Christine Kirchhoff
  11. LTM Huynh
  12. R Miller
  13. JI Musah-Surugu
  14. G Alverio Nagle
  15. M Nielsen
  16. AM Nunbogu
  17. B Pentz
  18. D Rechien
  19. A Reimuth
  20. G Scarpa
  21. N Seeteram
  22. I Canosa Villaverde
  23. J Zhou
  24. M Garschagen
License CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 (Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives)
Work Type Article
Publisher
  1. Nature Climate Change
Publication Date August 26, 2024
Publisher Identifier (DOI)
  1. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44284-024-00106-9
Deposited June 20, 2025

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Version 1
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  • Created
  • Added Wannewitz_etal_2024_climatechangeadaptationcoastalcities-1.pdf
  • Added Creator M Wannewitz
  • Added Creator I Ajibade
  • Added Creator Katherine J. Mach
  • Added Creator A Magnan
  • Added Creator Jan Petzold
  • Added Creator N Ulibarri
  • Added Creator A Agopian
  • Added Creator V Chalastani
  • Added Creator T Hawxwell
  • Added Creator Christine Kirchhoff
  • Added Creator LTM Huynh
  • Added Creator R Miller
  • Added Creator JI Musah-Surugu
  • Added Creator G Alverio Nagle
  • Added Creator M Nielsen
  • Added Creator AM Nunbogu
  • Added Creator B Pentz
  • Added Creator D Rechien
  • Added Creator A Reimuth
  • Added Creator G Scarpa
  • Added Creator N Seeteram
  • Added Creator I Canosa Villaverde
  • Added Creator J Zhou
  • Added Creator M Garschagen
  • Published
  • Updated