Effective Plastic Handles for Cardboard Book Boxes

The purpose of this study is to measure the exertion force and calculate the CTD Risk Index (cumulative trauma disorder risk index) and Strain Index by inserting four different handles (Dynasty Handle, Flex Handle, Hi-Line Flex Handle, Dynasty Handle with plier attachment) into two different types of slots (card slot and washer slot). Two subjects provided pinch and grip force estimates. Analysis of the results revealed no significant differences in exertion force between the two subjects. However, notable variations were observed among the different handles (1^st replication: p =0.012; 2^nd replication: p = 0.005) and slots (1^st replication: p =0.007; 2^nd replication: p = 0.0004). Although the strain index did not indicate any potential risk on the subject in each condition (each situation revealed the index were lower than 5), CTD risk index demonstrated that most conditions could lead to cumulative trauma disorders, with the exception of the Dynasty Handle with plier attachment. In conclusion, among the handles with the exception of the Dynasty Handle with plier attachment, the Flex Handle exhibited the lowest index value (card slot: subject 1: 1.21, subject 2: 0.99; washer slot: subject 1: 1.49, subject 2: 1.15), which was the preference of two subjects as well. The recommended force was also calculated, indicating that exerting a force lower than 20% of maximal force would not cause cumulative trauma disorders.

This paper is advised by Andris Freivalds, Lucas Professor of Industrial Engineering.

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Work Title Effective Plastic Handles for Cardboard Book Boxes
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Penn State
Creators
  1. Yen-Ju Chen
Keyword
  1. CTD Risk Index
  2. Stain Index
  3. Pinch Force
License In Copyright (Rights Reserved)
Work Type Research Paper
Publication Date 2023
Deposited September 19, 2023

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Version 1
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  • Added Creator Yen-Ju Chen
  • Added MS Paper_completed edition.pdf
  • Updated Keyword, License Show Changes
    Keyword
    • CTD Risk Index , Stain index
    • CTD Risk Index , Stain Index
    License
    • https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/
  • Added Paper Draft_complete_ver.5.pdf
  • Deleted MS Paper_completed edition.pdf
  • Updated Keyword Show Changes
    Keyword
    • CTD Risk Index , Stain Index
    • CTD Risk Index , Stain Index, Pinch Force
  • Published
  • Updated Work Title Show Changes
    Work Title
    • Effective Plastic Handles for Carboard Book Boxes
    • Effective Plastic Handles for Cardboard Book Boxes
  • Updated