Short-term interval exercise suppresses acylated ghrelin and hunger during caloric restriction in women with obesity

Caloric restriction is suggested to increase hunger, in part, through complex interactions of hormones and behavior that contribute to challenges in long-term weight loss. Although intense exercise may attenuate appetite, no data exist testing the effects of interval exercise (INT) during a low-calorie diet (LCD) on appetite regulation. We hypothesized that LCD+INT would favorably influence satiety when compared with an energy-deficit matched LCD in women with obesity. Twenty-six women with obesity (47.3±2.4 yrs; 37.3 ± 1.2 kg/m2) were randomized to either LCD (n=13; mixed meals of ~1200 kcal/d) or LCD+INT (n=13; 60 min/d of supervised interval exercise at 90% HRpeak for 3 min and 50% HRpeak for 3 min) for 2 weeks. An additional 350kcal (shake) was provided to LCD+INT individuals post-exercise to equate energy availability between groups. Total PYY, acylated ghrelin and des-ghrelin were measured at 0, 30 and 60 min of a 75g OGTT before and after the intervention. Visual analog scales were also administered at 0 and 120 min of the OGTT to assess appetite perception. Food logs were recorded prior to and during the intervention to ensure caloric intake compliance. Compared with pre-intervention conditions, both interventions decreased food intake (P = 0.001) and body fat (P < 0.01). There was no effect on fasting PYY, but both LCD and LCD+INT increased post-prandial PYY iAUC (P < 0.001) relative to pre-intervention. LCD+INT maintained fasting acylated ghrelin (P = 0.06) and suppressed post-prandial acylated ghrelin iAUC (P = 0.04) compared to LCD. Neither intervention impacted circulating des- ghrelin before or following the OGTT. Interestingly, LCD+INT attenuated fasting hunger and maintained fullness compared with LCD (P=0.05 and P=0.06, respectively). Taken together, interval exercise favors acylated ghrelin suppression and perception of hunger during a LCD in women with obesity.

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Work Title Short-term interval exercise suppresses acylated ghrelin and hunger during caloric restriction in women with obesity
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Penn State
Creators
  1. Steven K. Malin
  2. Emily M. Heiston
  3. Nicole M. Gilbertson
  4. Natalie Z.M. Eichner
Keyword
  1. Appetite
  2. Hunger
  3. Diet
  4. Physical Activity
  5. Weight management
License In Copyright (Rights Reserved)
Work Type Article
Acknowledgments
  1. SKM conceptualized and designed the study. EMH, NMG and NZME collected and analyzed data. All authors interpreted data. SKM wrote the manuscript and EMH, NMG as well as NZME provided edits. We thank the dedicated undergraduate research assistants and subjects for their effort. We also thank the staff and personnel of the Applied Metabolism & Physiology lab who provided valuable insight, including Julian M. Gaitan, as well as the UVA Clinical Research Unit and Exercise Physiology Core Laboratory staff. Lastly, we recognize Dr. Bruce Gaylinn for technical assistance performing ghrelin assays, Drs. James Hunter Mehaffey and Taryn Hassinger for medical oversight, and Dr. Arthur Weltman for study support. Funding was supported by the UVA Thelma R. Swortzel and Diabetes Action Research and Education Award (SKM). SKM is supported by National Institutes of Health RO1- HL130296. The authors have no financial disclosures to declare.
Publication Date May 29, 2020
Deposited February 25, 2021

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  • Updated Acknowledgments Show Changes
    Acknowledgments
    • SKM conceptualized and designed the study. EMH, NMG and NZME collected and analyzed data. All authors interpreted data. SKM wrote the manuscript and EMH, NMG as well as NZME provided edits. We thank the dedicated undergraduate research assistants and subjects for their effort. We also thank the staff and personnel of the Applied Metabolism & Physiology lab who provided valuable insight, including Julian M. Gaitan, as well as the UVA Clinical Research Unit and Exercise Physiology Core Laboratory staff. Lastly, we recognize Dr. Bruce Gaylinn for technical assistance performing ghrelin assays, Drs. James Hunter Mehaffey and Taryn Hassinger for medical oversight, and Dr. Arthur Weltman for study support. Funding was supported by the UVA Thelma R. Swortzel and Diabetes Action Research and Education Award (SKM). SKM is supported by National Institutes of Health RO1- HL130296. The authors have no financial disclosures to declare.
  • Added Creator Steven K. Malin
  • Added Creator Emily M. Heiston
  • Added Creator Nicole M. Gilbertson
  • Added Creator Natalie Z.M. Eichner
  • Added Malin et al., 2020, Physiology & Behavior.pdf
  • Updated Publication Date, License Show Changes
    Publication Date
    • 2020-5-29
    • 2020-05-29
    License
    • https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/
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