Relationships of Leisure Social Support and Flow with Loneliness in International Students in Taiwan: Implications during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Loneliness that negatively influences well-being in international students is common, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Leisure may help international students reduce loneliness. To inform efforts to promote well-being for international students, this study examined whether two types of leisure social support (leisure emotional support and leisure instrumental support) and flow while participating in leisure predict loneliness. In total, 332 international students who attended a private university in Taiwan participated in the study. In-person surveys were used to measure leisure emotional support, leisure instrumental support, flow, and loneliness. Hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to analyze data. Results indicated that high levels of leisure emotional support and flow predicted low levels of loneliness, but high levels of leisure instrumental support did not. The study addresses implications of these results in terms of reducing loneliness experienced by international students, without depending highly on the presence of others.

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Work Title Relationships of Leisure Social Support and Flow with Loneliness in International Students in Taiwan: Implications during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Access
Open Access
Creators
  1. Liang-Chih Chang
  2. John Dattilo
  3. Fei-Hsin Huang
Keyword
  1. Leisure emotional support
  2. Leisure instrumental support
  3. Leisure social support
  4. Flow
  5. Loneliness
  6. International students
  7. COVID-19
License In Copyright (Rights Reserved)
Work Type Article
Publisher
  1. Leisure Sciences
Publication Date April 4, 2022
Publisher Identifier (DOI)
  1. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2022.2056550
Deposited July 23, 2022

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Version 1
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  • Created
  • Added 2022_Chang__Dattilo__Huang-Flow_and_Students.pdf
  • Added Creator Liang Chih Chang
  • Added Creator John Dattilo
  • Added Creator Fei Hsin Huang
  • Published
  • Updated Keyword, Publication Date Show Changes
    Keyword
    • Leisure emotional support, Leisure instrumental support, Leisure social support, Flow, Loneliness, International students, COVID-19
    Publication Date
    • 2022-01-01
    • 2022-04-04
  • Renamed Creator Liang-Chih Chang Show Changes
    • Liang Chih Chang
    • Liang-Chih Chang
  • Renamed Creator Fei-Hsin Huang Show Changes
    • Fei Hsin Huang
    • Fei-Hsin Huang
  • Updated