Goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis L.) Extracts Inhibit the Growth of Fungal Isolates Associated with American Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.)

<jats:p>American ginseng, a highly valuable crop in North America, is susceptible to various diseases caused by fungal pathogens, including Alternaria spp., Fusarium spp., and Pestalotiopsis spp. The development of alternative control strategies that use botanicals to control fungal pathogens in American ginseng is desired as it provides multiple benefits. In this study, we isolated and identified three fungal isolates, Alternaria panax, Fusarium sporotrichioides, and Pestalotiopsis nanjingensis, from diseased American ginseng plants. Ethanolic and aqueous extracts from the roots and leaves of goldenseal were prepared, and the major alkaloid constituents were assessed via liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS). Next, the antifungal effects of goldenseal extracts were tested against these three fungal pathogens. Goldenseal root ethanolic extracts exhibited the most potent inhibition against fungal growth, while goldenseal root aqueous extracts and leaf ethanolic extracts showed only moderate inhibition. At 2% (m/v) concentration, goldenseal root ethanolic extracts showed an inhibition rate of 86.0%, 94.9%, and 39.1% against A. panax, F. sporotrichioides, and P. nanjingensis, respectively. The effect of goldenseal root ethanolic extracts on the mycelial morphology of fungal isolates was studied via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mycelia of the pathogens treated with the goldenseal root ethanolic extract displayed considerable morphological alterations. This study suggests that goldenseal extracts have the potential to be used as a botanical fungicide to control plant fungal diseases caused by A. panax, F. sporotrichioides, or P. nanjingensis./jats:p

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Work Title Goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis L.) Extracts Inhibit the Growth of Fungal Isolates Associated with American Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.)
Access
Open Access
Creators
  1. Ying Gao
  2. Ethan Swiggart
  3. Kaela Wolkiewicz
  4. Prabha Liyanapathiranage
  5. Fulya Baysal-Gurel
  6. Farhat A. Avin
  7. Eleanor F. Lopez
  8. Rebecca T. Jordan
  9. Joshua Kellogg
  10. Eric P Burkhart
Keyword
  1. Fungal Isolates
  2. American Ginseng
  3. Goldenseal
  4. Hydrastis
  5. Ethanolic Extract
  6. Panax
  7. Roots Aqueous Extract
  8. Alternaria Panax
  9. Leaves Ethanolic Extract
  10. Botanical Fungicide
  11. Mycelial Morphology
  12. Fungicide
  13. Fusarium
  14. Mycelium
  15. Scanning Electron Microscopy
  16. Alternaria
License CC BY 4.0 (Attribution)
Work Type Article
Publisher
  1. Molecules
Publication Date January 23, 2024
Publisher Identifier (DOI)
  1. 10.3390/molecules29030556
Related URLs
  1. https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/3/556/pdf?version=1705993392
Deposited February 10, 2025

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Version 1
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  • Created

    February 10, 2025 10:40 by jjk6146

  • Updated

    February 10, 2025 10:40 by [unknown user]

  • Added Creator Ying Gao

    February 10, 2025 10:41 by jjk6146

  • Added Creator Ethan Swiggart

    February 10, 2025 10:41 by jjk6146

  • Added Creator Kaela Wolkiewicz

    February 10, 2025 10:41 by jjk6146

  • Added Creator Prabha Liyanapathiranage

    February 10, 2025 10:41 by jjk6146

  • Added Creator Fulya Baysal-Gurel

    February 10, 2025 10:41 by jjk6146

  • Added Creator Farhat A. Avin

    February 10, 2025 10:41 by jjk6146

  • Added Creator Eleanor F. Lopez

    February 10, 2025 10:41 by jjk6146

  • Added Creator Rebecca T. Jordan

    February 10, 2025 10:41 by jjk6146

  • Added Creator Joshua Kellogg

    February 10, 2025 10:41 by jjk6146

  • Added Creator Eric P Burkhart

    February 10, 2025 10:41 by jjk6146

  • Updated Keyword, Publisher, Publisher Identifier (DOI), and 3 more Show Changes

    February 10, 2025 10:41 by jjk6146

    Keyword
    • Fungal Isolates, American Ginseng, Goldenseal, Hydrastis, Ethanolic Extract, Panax, Roots Aqueous Extract, Alternaria Panax, Leaves Ethanolic Extract, Botanical Fungicide, Mycelial Morphology, Fungicide, Fusarium, Mycelium, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Alternaria
    Publisher
    • Molecules
    Publisher Identifier (DOI)
    • 10.3390/molecules29030556
    Related URLs
    • https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/3/556/pdf?version=1705993392
    Description
    • <jats:p>American ginseng, a highly valuable crop in North America, is susceptible to various diseases caused by fungal pathogens, including Alternaria spp., Fusarium spp., and Pestalotiopsis spp. The development of alternative control strategies that use botanicals to control fungal pathogens in American ginseng is desired as it provides multiple benefits. In this study, we isolated and identified three fungal isolates, Alternaria panax, Fusarium sporotrichioides, and Pestalotiopsis nanjingensis, from diseased American ginseng plants. Ethanolic and aqueous extracts from the roots and leaves of goldenseal were prepared, and the major alkaloid constituents were assessed via liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS). Next, the antifungal effects of goldenseal extracts were tested against these three fungal pathogens. Goldenseal root ethanolic extracts exhibited the most potent inhibition against fungal growth, while goldenseal root aqueous extracts and leaf ethanolic extracts showed only moderate inhibition. At 2% (m/v) concentration, goldenseal root ethanolic extracts showed an inhibition rate of 86.0%, 94.9%, and 39.1% against A. panax, F. sporotrichioides, and P. nanjingensis, respectively. The effect of goldenseal root ethanolic extracts on the mycelial morphology of fungal isolates was studied via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mycelia of the pathogens treated with the goldenseal root ethanolic extract displayed considerable morphological alterations. This study suggests that goldenseal extracts have the potential to be used as a botanical fungicide to control plant fungal diseases caused by A. panax, F. sporotrichioides, or P. nanjingensis.</jats:p>
    Publication Date
    • 2024-01-23
  • Updated

    February 10, 2025 10:41 by jjk6146

  • Updated

    February 10, 2025 10:41 by jjk6146

  • Updated Creator Ying Gao

    February 10, 2025 10:41 by jjk6146

  • Updated Creator Ethan Swiggart

    February 10, 2025 10:41 by jjk6146

  • Updated Creator Kaela Wolkiewicz

    February 10, 2025 10:41 by jjk6146

  • Updated Creator Prabha Liyanapathiranage

    February 10, 2025 10:41 by jjk6146

  • Updated Creator Fulya Baysal-Gurel

    February 10, 2025 10:41 by jjk6146

  • Updated Creator Farhat A. Avin

    February 10, 2025 10:41 by jjk6146

  • Updated Creator Eleanor F. Lopez

    February 10, 2025 10:41 by jjk6146

  • Updated Creator Rebecca T. Jordan

    February 10, 2025 10:41 by jjk6146

  • Updated Creator Joshua Kellogg

    February 10, 2025 10:41 by jjk6146

  • Updated Creator Eric P Burkhart

    February 10, 2025 10:41 by jjk6146

  • Added Gao et al_2024_Goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis L.pdf

    February 10, 2025 10:41 by jjk6146

  • Added molecules-2748936-supplementary.pdf

    February 10, 2025 10:41 by jjk6146

  • Updated License Show Changes

    February 10, 2025 10:41 by jjk6146

    License
    • https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
  • Published

    February 10, 2025 10:41 by jjk6146

  • Updated

    February 10, 2025 21:04 by [unknown user]