Celiac Disease and the Risk of Micronutrient Deficiencies in Ethnic Minority Populations: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Introduction: Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic immune-mediated disorder triggered by gluten ingestion in genetically predisposed individuals. Historically, CD was primarily recognized and described as a disease of the Caucasian population. Data from a national survey in 2015 revealed that 0.79% of the population was formally diagnosed with celiac disease, with the non-Hispanic white population having a prevalence of 4–8 times higher than other underrepresented races. Although there is evidence that CD affects minorities at higher than reported rates, there is little data on its effects on minority populations. Our study aimed to characterize celiac-related complications among underrepresented populations in a large health database. Methods: We performed a cohort study among patients aged ≥18, utilizing the TriNetX US Collaborative Network. Two cohorts of patients (minority and non-Hispanic white) with CD were identified between 2016 and 2021. Cohorts were propensity scores matched on demographics and baseline clinical characteristics. Outcomes were assessed up to 1 year after the index event (CD diagnosis), including vitamin/mineral deficiencies and hospital visits. Data were analyzed using the TriNetX Analytics function. Results: Each group was matched with 817 patients. Compared to the non-Hispanic white population, the minority group had a similar incidence of iron, vitamin B, and zinc deficiencies. The minority group had a higher risk of vitamin D deficiency, anemia secondary to iron deficiency, inpatient hospital stays, and emergency department visits. Conclusion: Our results indicate that minority patients with celiac disease have a higher incidence of vitamin D and iron deficiency.

This is the accepted manuscript version of an article published by S. Karger AG in [Celiac Disease and the Risk of Micronutrient Deficiencies in Ethnic Minority Populations: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Digestive Diseases p1-5 (2024)] and available on www.karger.com/Article/FullText/10.1159/000539179

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Work Title Celiac Disease and the Risk of Micronutrient Deficiencies in Ethnic Minority Populations: A Retrospective Cohort Study
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Open Access
Creators
  1. Kara DiJoseph
  2. Scott Weismiller
  3. Paddy Ssentongo
  4. Shannon Dalessio
  5. Kofi Clarke
Keyword
  1. Celiac disease
  2. Minorities
  3. Racial disparity
License In Copyright (Rights Reserved)
Work Type Article
Publisher
  1. Digestive Diseases
Publication Date June 5, 2024
Publisher Identifier (DOI)
  1. https://doi.org/10.1159/000539179
Deposited May 06, 2025

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  • Added Creator Kara Dijoseph

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  • Added Creator Scott Weismiller

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  • Added Creator Paddy Ssentongo

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  • Added Creator Shannon Dalessio

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  • Added Creator Kofi Clarke

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  • Updated Keyword, Description, Publication Date Show Changes

    May 07, 2025 13:37 by avs5190

    Keyword
    • Celiac disease, Minorities, Racial disparity
    Description
    • Introduction: Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic immunemediated disorder triggered by gluten ingestion in genetically predisposed individuals. Historically, CD was primarily recognized and described as a disease of the Caucasian population. Data from a national survey in 2015 revealed that 0.79% of the population was formally diagnosed with celiac disease, with the non-Hispanic white population having a prevalence of 4 8 times higher than other underrepresented races. Although there is evidence that CD affects minorities at higher than reported rates, there is little data on its effects on minority populations. Our study aimed to characterize celiac-related complications among underrepresented populations in a large health database. Methods: We performed a cohort study among patients aged =18, utilizing the TriNetX US Collaborative Network. Two cohorts of patients (minority and non-Hispanic white) with CD were identified between 2016 and 2021. Cohorts were propensity scores matched on demographics and baseline clinical characteristics. Outcomes were assessed up to 1 year after the index event (CD diagnosis), including vitamin/mineral deficiencies and hospital visits. Data were analyzed using the TriNetX Analytics function. Results: Each group was matched with 817 patients. Compared to the non-Hispanic white population, the minority group had a similar incidence of iron, vitamin B, and zinc deficiencies. The minority group had a higher risk of vitamin D deficiency, anemia secondary to iron deficiency, inpatient hospital stays, and emergency department visits. Conclusion: Our results indicate that minority patients with celiac disease have a higher incidence of vitamin D and iron deficiency.
    • Introduction: Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic immune-mediated disorder triggered by gluten ingestion in genetically predisposed individuals. Historically, CD was primarily recognized and described as a disease of the Caucasian population. Data from a national survey in 2015 revealed that 0.79% of the population was formally diagnosed with celiac disease, with the non-Hispanic white population having a prevalence of 4–8 times higher than other underrepresented races. Although there is evidence that CD affects minorities at higher than reported rates, there is little data on its effects on minority populations. Our study aimed to characterize celiac-related complications among underrepresented populations in a large health database. Methods: We performed a cohort study among patients aged ≥18, utilizing the TriNetX US Collaborative Network. Two cohorts of patients (minority and non-Hispanic white) with CD were identified between 2016 and 2021. Cohorts were propensity scores matched on demographics and baseline clinical characteristics. Outcomes were assessed up to 1 year after the index event (CD diagnosis), including vitamin/mineral deficiencies and hospital visits. Data were analyzed using the TriNetX Analytics function. Results: Each group was matched with 817 patients. Compared to the non-Hispanic white population, the minority group had a similar incidence of iron, vitamin B, and zinc deficiencies. The minority group had a higher risk of vitamin D deficiency, anemia secondary to iron deficiency, inpatient hospital stays, and emergency department visits. Conclusion: Our results indicate that minority patients with celiac disease have a higher incidence of vitamin D and iron deficiency.
    Publication Date
    • 2024-10-01
    • 2024-06-05
  • Renamed Creator Kara DiJoseph Show Changes

    May 07, 2025 13:37 by avs5190

    • Kara Dijoseph
    • Kara DiJoseph